| |
|
| |
| |
| Environmental Impact
|
Studies of environmental impact (EIS) are specifically made for start-up companies or those with new projects that merit an expansion of its facilities. In these cases, it is required to carry out a prior assessment of the potential impact to the environment which might arise as a result of the construction, operation and closure of the same.
Depending on the complexity of the project, the assessment will be referred to the different levels of Government. The Federation, through the Ministry of environment and natural resources, evaluates the manifestations of environmental impact from the following activities: |
| |
• Hydraulic works, General pathways of communication, oil pipelines, gas pipelines, carbon pipelines and pipelines.
• The oil, petrochemical, chemical, steel, paper, sugar of the cement and electric industries.
• Exploration, exploitation, and beneficiation of minerals and substances reserved to the Federation.
• Facilities for treatment, confinement or disposal of hazardous waste, as well as radioactive waste.
• Forest exploitation in tropical forests and species of difficult regeneration.
• Change forest areas land use, as well as forests and arid zones.
• Industrial Parks, where a highly risky activity is envisaged.
• Real estate developments that affect coastal ecosystems.
• Works and activities in wetlands, mangroves, lagoons, rivers, lakes and streams connected to the sea, as well as in their coastlines or federal areas.
• Works in natural protected areas (ANP), of federal competence.
• Fishing activities, aquaculture or farming that might endanger the preservation of one or more species or cause damage to ecosystems.
• Works or activities which relate to matters within federal competence, which can cause serious and irreparable ecological imbalances, damage to human health and/or ecosystems, or exceeding the limits and conditions laid down in the legal provisions relating to the preservation of the ecological balance and protection of the environment. |
| |
|
|
|
 |
 |
| Environmental impact studies targeted to the federation can be produced in 3 different forms: |
1. EIS Preventive Report (EIPR)
2. EIS Particular modality (EIS p)
3. EIS Regional modality (EIS r) |
 |
| The above activities will require an EIPR when: |
I. Mexican official standards exist or other provisions that regulate emissions, discharges, the exploitation of natural resources, and in general all relevant environmental impacts, that the works or activities can produce.
II. The works or activities are expressly provided by a plan or a part-time program of urban development or ecological zoning with prior authorization in the field of EI.
III. Whether located in industrial park facilities previously authorized by SEMARNAT.
Even so, the competent activity may determine, if required an EIS in the manner laid down. |
|
|
| |
| The EIS will be presented in the regional category, in the case of: |
I. Industrial parks and aquaculture of more than 500 hectares, roads and railways, nuclear power generation projects, dams and, in general, projects which alter hydrological basins.
II. A set of works or activities that are included in a plan or part-time program of urban development or ecological system that is under consideration by the Secretary on the terms laid down in article 22 of this regulation.
III. A set of construction projects and activities seeking to carry out in a given ecological region.
IV. Projects seeking to develop in sites on which, by interaction with the various regional environmental components, envisage cumulative, synergistic or residual, impacts that could result in the destruction, isolation or fragmentation of ecosystems.
The EIS may be accompanied by a risk study, when activity that is to be included within its management, quantities of substances exceeding those indicated in the 1st and 2nd listing of activities highly risky, published in the DOF on May 4, 1992. |
|
|
|
|
| The study of risk referred to in the preceding paragraph; consists of incorporating to the EIS, the following information: |
I. Stage and preventive measures arising from the analysis of environmental risks related to the project.
II. Description, when in case, of the protection areas around the facilities.
III. Marking of safety environmental measures.
The times required for the review of the study, are 60 days for the EIS-P or EIS-Reg., and may request the authority 60 additional days.
When the activity that is to be, is not in any of the above assumptions, the competence of the authorization of the study will be given by the State Government where the project is located.
In CAM we use the best available technological tools, such as geographic information systems (GIS) with legal software licenses, supported with the knowledge of our specialists, as well as the support that is provided by our alliances and agreements with institutions of high education and research.
All this allows us to offer excellent environmental assessments in the area of influence of a given project. |
 |
Thus our studies incorporate detailed descriptions of industrial processes, qualitative and quantitative characterizations of the relevant environmental factors and analysis of possible links with territorial systems.
The result of this, is a proper identification of residual and significant impacts that affect measures of prevention, mitigation and compensation, respectively.
It is worth mentioning that better identified and evaluated impacts, as well as its measures of prevention, mitigation and compensation, the authority will be more relaxed at the time of imposing constraints on the decisive.
Complementing the above and given that authorities push toward a refinement of the studies, our own incorporate conceptual programs of monitoring and environmental compliance, as well as protection against erosion, rescue of flora and fauna.
Finally, as an indication of the level and quality of the content of our studies, it is relevant to comment that CAM has obtained authorizations in the field of EI, for mining projects located within Natural Protected Areas; which is very significant because it shows that even those recognized activities in the past as the most shocking to the environment, can become development projects for communities with limited growth, given the restrictions imposed on themselves the decrees for the NPA. |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
